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English nationality

دو شنبه 30 بهمن 1391

• 9:43

Although England is no longer an independent nation state, but rather a constituent country within the United Kingdom, the English may still be regarded as a "nation" according to the Oxford English Dictionary's definition: a group united by factors that include "language, culture, history, or occupation of the same territory".^[9]

The concept of an "English nation" is far older than that of the "British nation", and the 1990s witnessed a revival in English self-consciousness.^[10] This is linked to the expressions of national self-awareness of the other British nations of Wales and Scotland – which take their most solid form in the new devolved political arrangements within the United Kingdom – and the waning of a shared British national identity with the growing distance between the end of the British Empire and the present.^[11]^[12]^[13]

Many recent immigrants to England have assumed a solely British identity, while others have developed dual or hyphenated identities.^[14]^[15] Use of the word "English" to describe Britons from ethnic minorities in England is complicated by most non-white people in England identifying as British rather than English. In their 2004 Annual Population Survey, the Office for National Statistics compared the ethnic identities of British people with their perceived national identity. They found that while 58% of white people described their nationality as "English", the vast majority of non-white people called themselves "British".^[16]

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یادگیری انگلیسی

دو شنبه 30 بهمن 1391

• 9:33

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خندهیادگیری انگلیسی

زهرا سادات •

British Empire

دو شنبه 30 بهمن 1391

• 9:15

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power.^[1] By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the world's population at the time.^[2] The empire covered more than 33,700,000 km² (13,012,000 sq mi), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area.^[3]^[4] As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire", because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous territories.

During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires generated, England, France, and the Netherlands, began to establish colonies and trade networks of their own in the Americas and Asia.^[5] A series of wars in the 17th and 18th centuries with the Netherlands and France left England (and then, following union between England and Scotland in 1707, Great Britain) the dominant colonial power in North America and India. The loss of the Thirteen Colonies in North America in 1783 after a war of independence deprived Britain of some of its oldest and most populous colonies. British attention soon turned towards Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. Following the defeat of Napoleonic France in 1815, Britain enjoyed a century of almost unchallenged dominance and expanded its imperial holdings across the globe. Increasing degrees of autonomy were granted to its white settler colonies, some of which were reclassified as dominions.

By the end of the 19th century Germany and the United States had eroded Britain's economic lead. Subsequent military and economic tensions between Britain and Germany were major causes of the First World War, during which Britain relied heavily upon its empire. The conflict placed enormous financial and population strain on Britain, and although the empire achieved its largest territorial extent immediately after the war, it was no longer a peerless industrial or military power. The Second World War saw Britain's colonies in South-East Asia occupied by Japan. Despite the eventual victory of Britain and its allies, this damaged British prestige and accelerated the decline of the empire. British India, Britain's most valuable and populous possession, achieved independence two years after the end of the war.

After the end of the Second World War, as part of a larger decolonisation movement, Britain granted independence to most of the territories of the British Empire. This process ended with the political transfer of Hong Kong to China in 1997. The 14 British Overseas Territories remain under British sovereignty. After independence, many former British colonies joined the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of independent states. Sixteen Commonwealth nations share their head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, as Commonwealth realms.

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متضاد

جمعه 27 بهمن 1391

• 10:45

Tehran is a big city. # small

This lesson is easy.# hard – difficult

This boy is fat. # thin

This ruler is long. # short

This dress is new. # old

My brother is a tall boy. # short

My father is an old mَan. # young

I asked the question. # answered

The teacher was late. # early

He came home at 6. # went

He woke up before sunrise. # after

She always gets up at 6. # never

Your shirt is very dirty. # clean

Does he open the door? # close – shut

This car is very cheap. # expensive

I put on my hat. # take off

This restaurant is very good. # bad

This wake up at 6. # sleep

You play ping – pong slowly. # puickly

You are slow player. # quick - fast

They work carelessly. # carefully

Are you busy? # free

He is a careless student. # careful

He does his homework easily. # hard

They speak English badly. # well

?What time does the film finish # begin

The school is your second house. # first

I bring some flowers. # take

It is hot today. # cold

There is alittle money in my wallet. # a lot of

we learn many things from books. # teach

There were a few students in the class. # a lot of

This mosque is very large. # small

We stayed shiraz for two weeks. # left

A young man can run fast. # walk

محدثه موسوی •

نمونه سوال

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 20:5

به ادامه مطلب بريد

Continue

محدثه موسوی •

1-5

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 20:1

نکات گرامری و تمرین درسهای 1 تا 5 زبان سوم راهنمایی

در ادامه مطلب

Continue

محدثه موسوی •

رسم حروف

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 19:59

آموزش حروف انگلیسی

محدثه موسوی •

ماضي استمراري

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 19:56

آموزش زمان گذشته استمراری

توجه: صرف فعل To be در زمان گذشته ساده برای یاد گرفتن زمان گذشته استمرای لازم است .بنابراین ابتدا باید صرف فعل

در گذشته را بدانیم.

:در گذشته ساده عبارت است از: to be صرف فعل

جمع		مفرد
ما بودیم	we were	من بودم	I was
شما بودید	You were	تو بودی	You were
		اوبود	He was
انها بودند	They were	او بود	She was
		آن بود	It was

زمان گذشته استمراری:زمان گذشته استمراري در مورد عملي را نشان می دهد كه در گذشته براي مدتي انجام مي گرفته است تعریف

مثال:

I was watching TV at 5 oclock.

طرز ساختن زمان گذشته استمراری

فاعل=زمان گزشته استمراری + was(were) + ing قيد مناسب + مفعول + فعل همراه

مثال:

I was eating dinner.

They were washing the dishes.

در گذشته استمراری:To playصرف فعل

جمع		مفرد
ما در حال بازی بودیم	we were playing	من در حال بازی بودم	I was playing
شما در حال بازی بودید	You were playing	تو در حال بازی بودی	You were playing
		او در حال بازی بود	He was playing
انها در حال بازی بودند	They were playing	او در حال بازی بود	She was playing
		آن در حال بازی بود	It was playing

طرز سوالی و منفی کردن زمان گذشته استمراری:

برای سوالی کردن زمان گذشته استمراری جای was و wereرا با فاعل عوض می کنیم و برای منفی کردن بعد از آنها کلمه not را می آوریم.مثال:

Ali was helping his father.

Was Ali helping his father?

Ali was not helping his father.

They were having breakfast.

Were they having breakfast?

They were not having breakfast.

new words, معنی فارسی لغات زبان انگلیسی سال سوم راهنمایی درس 6

any هیچ،اصلا

baker's مغازه نانوایی

bank بانك

because زیرا

between بین

butcher's مغازه قصابی

center مركز

dirty كثیف

fish ماهی

fruit میوه

how چطور،چگونه

hungry گرسنه

onion پیاز

other دیگر

paper كاغذ

peach هلو

potato سیب زمینی

shopper خریدار

so بنابراین

vegetable سبزی

with(sb) با(كسی/شخصی)

and حرف ربط

sleep خوابیدن

have breakfast صبحانه

at this time همین موقع،در این زمان

on the way ... در راه

Why not? چرا نه؟

shopping center

مترادف لغات جدید زبان انگلیسی سال سوم راهنمایی درس 6

Any=not special one

Baker=a person who makes and sells bread and cakes

Bank=a place that keeps money safe for people

Because=for the reason that

Between=in the space in the middle of two things or people

butcher's =where a butcher works

Center=the part in the middle

Dirty=not clean

Fish=an animal that lives and breathes in water and uses its fins and tail for simming

Fruit=the part of a plant or tree that holds the seeds and that you can eat

How=in what way

Hungry=if you are hungry you want to eat

Onion=a round vegetable with a strong taste and smell

Other=as well as or difficult

Paper=thin material for writing on or for wrapping things in

Peach=a soft round fruit with yellow and red skin and large stone in the center

Potato=a round vegetable that grows under the ground ,that is white on the inside and brown or yellow on the outside

Shopper=a person who shops

So=because of this or that

Vegetable=plant grown for food to be eaten with the main part of a meal ,rather than with sweet things

With(sb)=a word that joins words or parts of sentences together

And=a word that joins words or parts of sentences together

Sleep=rest of sentences together

Have breakfast=eat breakfast

At the time

On the way

Why not

Shopping center

محدثه موسوی •

Seven Deadly Sins/Seven Heavenly Virtues

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 19:52

Seven deadly sins

lust       شهوت

gluttony     شکم پرستی

greed                 حرص

sloth                 تنبلی

wrath                  غضب

envy                حسادت

pride                     غرور

Seven heavenly virtues

chastity پاکدامنی

temperance میانه روی

نیکوکاری    charity

پشتکار diligence

صبر               patience

مهربانی    kindness

تواضع   humility

محدثه موسوی •

خداوند در زبان انگليسي

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 19:49

The All-knowing

خداوندعليم

The Supreme Being

خداوندتبارك وتعالي

Omnipotent

قادرمطلق

Lord bless us

خداازسرتقصيرات مابگذرد

Godspeed

خدابهمراه

i love God

محدثه موسوی •

Happy Valentine Day

پنج شنبه 26 بهمن 1391

• 19:45

Like many other holidays, Valentine’s Day is thought to be of American origin; but—like many other holidays—it is not. Already in ancient Rome, people celebrated a similar holiday in the middle of February. It was Lupercalia, the festival of fertility.
The Valentine celebrations we know today probably originate in 14th-century England and France. We could indeed say that it was some kind of medieval »blind-date show« to which single men and women got together on 14 February. The women wrote their names on cards and put them into a box from which each man then picked a card. The woman whose name was on the card became the man’s sweetheart or “Valentine”, as February 14 is also the commemoration day of St. Valentine (therefore the day is called St. Valentine’s Day).
The date, in fact, is the only connection between the festival and the martyr St. Valentine, a Roman priest from the 3rd century. Valentine lived during the reign of Claudius II, who did not allow his soldiers to get married. Claudius believed that married soldiers would not make a good army, so when he found out that Valentine married young couples secretly, he had the priest arrested and sentenced to death.
Let’s leave martyrdom behind, however, and return to the more pleasant rites of our time. Valentine’s Day has become the festival of love—lovers surprise each other with little presents, flowers or a romantic dinner by candlelight. Sending special greeting cards on that day is also very popular. Valentines, as these cards are called, are sent to loved ones in order to win their hearts. If the sender doesn’t want to be recognized, the card is signed »Your Valentine

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